The impact of cigarette smoking on the efficiency of local anesthesia during simple tooth extraction
The Saudi Dental Journal
Available online 7 May 2020
Abstract
Smoking is harmful to all organs of the human body and can affect nerve response to local anesthesia.
This
study aimed to determine the effect of cigarette smoking on the amount
and onset of local anesthesia, as well as the chief complaint
(symptomatic and asymptomatic), number of cigarettes, and duration of
smoking.
Materials and methods:
A
selective clinical case-control study carried out at the Oral Surgery
Clinic of the Teaching Hospital at the College of Dentistry. One hundred
and three male patients participated in the study, and they were
divided into two groups (55 smokers and 48 nonsmokers). The patients
received a local anesthetic agent (2% Lidocaine) in a 1.8ml dental
cartridge. The number of cartridges and the onset time of local
anesthesia were detailed for each patient in a special case sheet
prepared for this study.
Results:
There
was a statistically significant difference between the smoker and
nonsmoker groups regarding the amount of local anesthetic solution (p=
.041) with a higher amount needed in the smoker group; however, the
onset of action showed no significant difference between the two groups
(p = 0.983). The symptomatic cases in smokers needed a higher amount of
local anesthesia than the asymptomatic cases with a statistically
significant difference (p = 0.002). There was no relationship between
daily cigarette consumption and the amount of local anesthetic solution
(p= .054) and also the onset of local anesthesia (p= .938). The duration
of smoking has no significant relationship with onset time (p=.480) and
the amount of local anesthesia (p= .418).
Conclusion:
The
amount of local anesthesia used in smoker patients was higher than that
in nonsmoker patients, especially if there were symptoms like pain. The
duration of smoking and daily cigarette consumption had no effect on
the amount and the onset of local anesthesia.
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