Longitudinal micromorphological 15-year results of posterior composite restorations using three-dimensional scanning electron microscopy
Available online 6 May 2014
Abstract
Objectives
Hybrid composite restorations in posterior teeth were evaluated over 15 years using the semiquantitative Clinical, Photographic and Micromorphologic
(CPM) index. It was a further aim to quantitate the surface morphology
by three-dimensional scanning electron microscopy (3D-SEM).
Methods
Thirty seven hybrid composite restorations (Ketac-Bond/Visio-Molar X, ESPE, Seefeld/Germany) were longitudinally followed up.
Parallel
to clinical assessment replicas were taken at baseline, after 1, 5, 10
and 15 years and evaluated by SEM, and profilometrical analyses of
3D-SEM data were computed. The profilometrical results were
statistically analysed by ANOVA. The level of significance was set to
p < 0.05.
Results
The
semiquantitative micromorphological evaluation exhibited the most
considerable deterioration within the first year and up to 5 years of
function. Less change was detected during the next 10 years. The
profilometrical quantification showed raising depth of the negative
marginal ledges with a mean of 27.2 μm (range 0.6 μm to 94.5 μm) after
10 years, with no statistically significant changes from 5 to 10 and 10
to 15 years. The 3D-SEM revealed marginal grooves beneath the level of
the ledges (mean 34.5 μm after 5 years) within the bonding zone,
exposing enamel margins. Leakages, marginal fractures and surface
roughness did not seriously deteriorate the quality of restorations.
Conclusions
Hybrid
composite restorations of Class I and II cavities surviving the first
five years performed well over 15 years of function. Quantitative 3D-SEM
profilometrical measurements revealed the dynamics of marginal
behaviour over time.
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