Will Bioceramics be the Future Root Canal Filling Materials?
- First Online:
DOI:
10.1007/s40496-017-0147-x
- Cite this article as:
- Camilleri, J. Curr Oral Health Rep (2017). doi:10.1007/s40496-017-0147-x
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Filling
the root canal is necessary when the dental pulp is lost as the dead
space will be colonised by bacteria, leading to reinfection of the root
canal and treatment failure. Treatment methodology depends on the extent
of root formation and the choice of materials available. This review
looks at the classical clinical methods and also queries if the newer
materials change the treatment rationale.
Recent Findings
There
is considerable confusion with nomenclature for some classes of dental
materials. The newer materials have specific features that may not
address the treatment needs. Nonetheless, the use of bioceramics and
related materials definitely modifies and improves treatment outcome.
Summary
The
classical treatment methods for filling the root canals of both
immature and mature teeth are quite well-established in clinical
practice. Open apices are treated with calcium hydroxide paste for an
extended period of time to stimulate barrier formation at the apex, and
the roots are then obturated in a similar way to adult teeth using a
solid cone and root canal sealer. With the introduction of bioceramics
and related materials, treatment of the immature apex has been shortened
to one to two visits. Bioceramic root canal sealers have changed the
concept of root canal obturation from the concept of hermetic seal and
inert materials to biological bonding and activity. The introduction of
these materials has certainly changed the clinical outcomes of filling
the root canals. Treatment time has been reduced, which is beneficial
for the treatment of paediatric patients. The chemical bond and
antimicrobial properties of the sealers in conjunction with hydraulic
properties are promising and can potentially improve the clinical
success of treatment. Further research is necessary to be able to define
clinical protocols for the use of these materials in order to optimise
their properties.
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