Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
The
gastrointestinal system is strongly associated with the oral mucosa
including periodontal tissues. Infl ammatory bowel disease (IBD) has two
common forms: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Local
inflammation in periodontal diseases (PD) has an impact on infl ammatory
diseases in various parts of the body. The existence of periodontitis
in IBD patients suggests the possibility that the two inflammatory
conditions may have common pathogenic pathways. Both diseases are
multifactorial conditions in which genetic and environmental factors
initiate and maintain the chronic inflammatory response.
AIM:
The
aim of this review was to determine the current state of understanding
of the characteristics and mechanisms underlying the association between
IBD and periodontal diseases, with emphasis on the role of
microorganisms.
METHODS:
A computer-assisted MEDLINE
search was performed to find the relevant articles concerning IBD and
periodontal diseases published until September 2016.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:
A
number of studies have showed an association between PD and IBD. Both
diseases share genetic and environmental etiological factors. The
precise role of intestinal bacteria remains vague. The periodontal
microbiota that might be involved in the association of these diseases
are Fusobacterium nucleatum, Campylobacter rectus and Campylobacter
concisus. Fungal and viral microbiota dysbiosis should also be evaluated
as common pathogenic pathways in IBD and periodontal disease.
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