 Abstract | |
|
Introduction:
The goal of root canal treatment is to shape and clean the endodontic
space, reducing the bacterial load and removing the pulp tissue.
Obviously, the action of the endodontic instruments is limited to the
main canals, regardless of the complexity of the endodontic space.
Consequently, finding the best possible cleaning technique, which can be
obtained chemically using irrigation solutions, is a fundamental aid in
endodontic therapy. One of the most commonly used root canal irrigants
is sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), available in various commercial
formulations. The effectiveness of NaOCl is undeniable. However, the
action of dissolution of the pulp tissue is merely dependent on the
concentration and the characteristics of the irrigant itself.
Aim:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effective concentration of
different commercial formulas of NaOCl, by evaluating the percentage of
total chlorine in each product. The dissolution capacity of the pulp
tissue of each of the tested products was then analyzed by measuring the
required time.
Materials and Methods: Three commercial types
of NaOCl were selected for this study: 5% NaOCl (ACE, Procter and
Gamble), 5% NaOCl (N5, Simit Dental), and 6% NaOCl (CanalPro, Coltene).
For each product, 10 packages were used, from which samples of the
product were taken and 30 ml × 5 ml tubes were filled. All samples were
divided into three groups and were analyzed using the DIN EN ISO 7393-2
method and the percentage of total chlorine (expressed as a percentage)
was calculated. Forty samples of vital pulp were obtained from teeth
freshly extracted for periodontal reasons and stored in physiological
solution. In order to unify the size and weight of the samples (0.0001
mg), a microtome and a precision balance (Pro Explorer Ohaus) were used.
Each sample, carefully examined by stereomicroscope (×40), was placed
in artificial plastic containers and submerged in 0.1 ml of irrigating
solution at room temperature (26°C). A fourth control group used saline
solution as irrigant. Simultaneously with the insertion of the
irrigating solution, a digital stopwatch was activated and the time
necessary for the complete dissolution of the pulp sample was measured.
The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis.
Results:
The average percentages of chlorine detected for each group were: 4.26%
(ACE), 5.16% (N5), and 5.97% (CanalPro). The Kruskal–Wallis test showed
statistically significant differences between the different commercial
formulations of hypochlorite (P < 0.05). CanalPro showed the lowest values, whereas ACE showed the highest values of dissolution time of the pulp.
Discussion:
The analysis of the total chlorine percentage found that the actual
concentration of the NaOCl in the samples is close to the values
declared by the manufacturers both in the case of N5 and CanalPro. On
the contrary, the concentration detected in the samples of common bench
bleach (ACE) is significantly lower, which has average values <5 a="" and="" average="" complete="" concentration.="" concentration="" corresponds="" detected="" dissolution="" explains="" fact="" for="" hence="" higher="" in="" inversely="" irrigants="" longer="" lower="" of="" p="" proportional="" pulp="" samples="" taken="" tested="" that="" the="" this="" time="" tissue.="" to="" was="">
|
Comments