Genotoxic potential of 10% and 16% Carbamide Peroxide in dental bleaching
Braz. oral res. vol.29 no.1 São Paulo 2015 Epub Jan 13, 2015
Dental bleaching has become one of the most frequently requested esthetic
treatments in dental offices. Despite the high clinical success observed with
this procedure, some adverse effects have been reported, including a potential
for developing premalignant lesions, root resorption and tooth sensitivity,
especially when misused. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic
response using a micronucleus (MN) assay, after the application of two
concentrations of carbamide peroxide. Thirty-seven patients were divided into
two groups and randomly received either a 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) (19) or a
16% carbamide peroxide (18) concentration for 21 days in individual dental
trays. Gingival margin cells were collected immediately before the first use
(baseline), and then 15 and 45 days after baseline. The cells were placed on a
histological slide, stained by the Feulgen technique, and evaluated by an
experienced blinded examiner. One thousand cells per slide were counted, and the
MN rate was determined. The two groups were analyzed by the Wilcoxon rank-sum
test and the Kruskal-Wallis equality-of-populations rank test. A slight increase
in MN was observed for both groups, in comparison with the baseline, at 15 days.
However, no difference was observed between the two groups (10% and 16%), at
either 15 or 45 days (p = 0.90). When bleaching is not
prolonged or not performed very frequently, bleaching agents containing
carbamide peroxide alone will not cause mutagenic stress on gingival epithelial
cells.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2015.vol29.0021
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